Main features of Yunnan power system
Abundant clean energy resources. As of the end of 2020, the installed power generation capacity of Yunnan Province was 103,402,800 kilowatts, of which renewable energy accounted for 85.39%, making it a veritable province of energy power generation. Yunnan is endowed with resources, hydropower resources are second, and solar energy resources are abundant. The annual average sunshine hours in most areas of the province is 2100-2300 hours. In recent years, Yunnan's wind power utilization hours have ranked first in all provinces, and the total reserves of wind energy resources have reached 123 million kilowatts. The province’s biomass energy industry has begun to take shape, with an annual production capacity of 1 million tons of fuel ethanol and 270,000 tons of biodiesel. In addition, Yunnan is rich in geothermal energy and has great potential for power generation.
The most complicated grid structure. Yunnan Power Grid is a large-scale transmission-end system of the domestic provincial-level asynchronous interconnection. It contains 10 UHV DC lines and interacts with multiple internal voltage levels. The power transmission and reception in multiple directions is one of the most complex transmission-end large power grids in the world. At the same time, with the expansion of “Tibet power into Yunnan” and the expansion of transmission channels, the structure of the Yunnan power grid will become more complicated. .
Yunnan is an important energy base in China. In addition to coal resources, it also has abundant renewable resources such as hydropower, solar energy, wind energy, geothermal energy, and biomass energy. The development conditions are superior and the development prospects are good. At home, Yunnan is adjacent to Guizhou and Guangxi in the east, Sichuan is connected to the north, and Tibet is in the northwest, providing a solid foundation for "Tibet to Yunnan" and power transmission from the west to the east; abroad, Yunnan is interconnected with Southeast Asia , Is an important energy hub. Due to its unique resource conditions, Yunnan has the superior conditions for the construction of a new type of power system, and has become the center and focus of the construction and development of a new type of power system.
Power supply is oriented to three markets. Yunnan Power Grid provides three power markets within the province, outside the province, and abroad. In 2020, the electricity consumption of the whole society in Yunnan will reach 202.513 billion kWh, an increase of 11.76% year-on-year. In the whole year, the electricity transmitted from west to east was 145.79 billion kwh, an increase of 0.43% year-on-year. In the whole year, overseas power transmission was 2.57 billion kWh, a year-on-year increase of 0.7%. Yunnan's clean energy is effectively assisted in achieving the "dual carbon" goal through power transmission from west to east and overseas power supply.
Challenges faced by Yunnan's construction of a new power system
Clean energy accounts for a high proportion. At present, the proportion of clean energy in Yunnan is over 85%, and the proportion will be further increased in the future. Because wind power and photovoltaics are intermittent, fluctuating and uncertain, and hydropower is also facing the problem of insufficient power generation during dry periods, this weakly controllable power supply brings great challenges to the smooth and safe operation of the system.
Asynchronous power grid with large-scale new energy has low moment of inertia. Compared with the strong support for synchronous operation (the frequency is the same everywhere in the whole network), the Yunnan power grid adopts asynchronous operation mode, especially after large-scale new energy is connected to the grid, the moment of inertia of the system will be further reduced, and the frequency will appear. Large fluctuations even cause frequency instability, making the security and stability of the power grid face huge challenges.
The proportion of power transmission from west to east is high. In 2020, the power transmission from west to east in Yunnan will be close to 50% of the total power consumption in the province. With the development and construction of new power systems, the scale of power transmission will increase year by year. How to ensure large-scale efficient energy transmission is a major challenge. How to guarantee Yunnan's own rapid development of electricity demand is also facing challenges.
A single large load accounts for a high proportion. Yunnan's hydropower silicon, hydropower aluminum and other industries account for a large proportion. The load of a single aluminum plant and silicon plant is generally above the megawatt level, which has extremely high requirements for power supply. As a high energy load, in addition to increasing the power system In addition to the power demand, it will also bring harmonics, voltage and other problems to the grid.
The accident risk level caused by a single component failure is high. The Yunnan power grid has a complex structure, long transmission distance, and a large number of power equipment components. The failure of a certain component will be caused by a combination of various reasons such as improper or untimely control measures, unreasonable structure, and malfunction or refusal of relay protection devices. Cascading failures pose a major challenge such as a high level of accident risk.
High proportion of power electronic equipment. The large-scale access of wind power, photovoltaics, and distributed loads has increased the power electronics of the power grid. On the one hand, it reduces the moment of inertia of the system, and on the other hand, it will have a negative impact on power quality. At the same time, the characteristics of the power electronic system are very different from the traditional power grid, which can form a two-way power flow, and the classic protection and control method is no longer applicable. How to ensure the safe, stable and efficient operation of the new power system is facing huge challenges.
Natural disasters occur frequently. There is a saying in Yunnan that there is no disaster. Earthquakes, lightning strikes, hail, frost, and wildlife activities will cause serious damage to power equipment, and Yunnan’s special extreme geographical environmental conditions have brought great damage to equipment operation and maintenance. The inconvenience.
The focus of Yunnan's construction of a new power system
Yunnan Power Grid Company should seize important strategic opportunities, make full use of resources and location advantages, focus on breakthroughs in key technologies, and lead the construction of new power systems.
Reasonable planning and layout. Persist in the continuous and efficient development and utilization of clean energy such as wind, light, and water, promote the coordinated and optimized development of multiple types of clean energy, and build and implement a batch of demonstration projects for the construction of new power systems through pilot projects in Yunnan to facilitate the development of new power systems Work and "dual carbon" goals.
Active support ability. With the large-scale access of a large number of new energy sources, the controllability and adjustability of various power sources in the power grid are rapidly decreasing. It is necessary to explore new technologies and strategies to provide active support for the stable operation of the power grid. On the basis of new energy regulation technology and configuration of energy storage, exploring the control technology and control strategy of demand-side response is of great significance to the active support of the power grid.
Flexible control resources. Energy storage is juxtaposed with power sources, power grids, and loads, and has become an indispensable fourth element of new power systems. Various types of energy storage equipment and energy storage systems covering the "source, grid, and load" have created a new mode of power and electricity balance. At the same time, flexible resources such as electric vehicles and distributed power sources are all in the voltage, frequency and emergency aspects of the grid. It can play an effective control and regulation role, and the active participation of various flexible resources can be promoted through a market-oriented operating mechanism.
Smooth operation of the power grid. Aiming at Yunnan’s complex power grid structure, extreme operating environment, and multiple types of power sources, it explores efficient and coordinated operation control technology of “source-grid-load-storage” to give full play to the active adjustment capabilities of various flexible resources. Driven by data, it opens up the perception, analysis, decision-making, and business links of all parties involved in the power grid to realize rapid fault detection, protection and control, and operation and maintenance to ensure the smooth operation of the system.
The security of the power grid. By strengthening the flexible adjustment capability of the system, improving the demand-side response capability, accelerating the upgrade and transformation of the power grid, relying on modern communication technology, big data analysis and artificial intelligence and other technologies to realize the digitization, intelligence, and Internetization of the traditional physical power system, so that the power grid has Super perception ability, wise decision-making ability and fast execution ability to ensure the security of the power grid.
Ensuring the power supply of the three markets, further improving the main force of power transmission from west to east and the “Belt and Road” bridgehead, insisting on focusing on clean energy, focusing on electricity, and developing solar energy, wind energy, biomass energy and geothermal energy according to local conditions. To ensure the energy demand in the province, and realize the power transmission from west to east and the power out of the cloud, we will quickly promote the development and construction of Yunnan's new power system to meet the people's yearning for a better life.
Abundant clean energy resources. As of the end of 2020, the installed power generation capacity of Yunnan Province was 103,402,800 kilowatts, of which renewable energy accounted for 85.39%, making it a veritable province of energy power generation. Yunnan is endowed with resources, hydropower resources are second, and solar energy resources are abundant. The annual average sunshine hours in most areas of the province is 2100-2300 hours. In recent years, Yunnan's wind power utilization hours have ranked first in all provinces, and the total reserves of wind energy resources have reached 123 million kilowatts. The province’s biomass energy industry has begun to take shape, with an annual production capacity of 1 million tons of fuel ethanol and 270,000 tons of biodiesel. In addition, Yunnan is rich in geothermal energy and has great potential for power generation.
The most complicated grid structure. Yunnan Power Grid is a large-scale transmission-end system of the domestic provincial-level asynchronous interconnection. It contains 10 UHV DC lines and interacts with multiple internal voltage levels. The power transmission and reception in multiple directions is one of the most complex transmission-end large power grids in the world. At the same time, with the expansion of “Tibet power into Yunnan” and the expansion of transmission channels, the structure of the Yunnan power grid will become more complicated. .
Yunnan is an important energy base in China. In addition to coal resources, it also has abundant renewable resources such as hydropower, solar energy, wind energy, geothermal energy, and biomass energy. The development conditions are superior and the development prospects are good. At home, Yunnan is adjacent to Guizhou and Guangxi in the east, Sichuan is connected to the north, and Tibet is in the northwest, providing a solid foundation for "Tibet to Yunnan" and power transmission from the west to the east; abroad, Yunnan is interconnected with Southeast Asia , Is an important energy hub. Due to its unique resource conditions, Yunnan has the superior conditions for the construction of a new type of power system, and has become the center and focus of the construction and development of a new type of power system.
Power supply is oriented to three markets. Yunnan Power Grid provides three power markets within the province, outside the province, and abroad. In 2020, the electricity consumption of the whole society in Yunnan will reach 202.513 billion kWh, an increase of 11.76% year-on-year. In the whole year, the electricity transmitted from west to east was 145.79 billion kwh, an increase of 0.43% year-on-year. In the whole year, overseas power transmission was 2.57 billion kWh, a year-on-year increase of 0.7%. Yunnan's clean energy is effectively assisted in achieving the "dual carbon" goal through power transmission from west to east and overseas power supply.
Challenges faced by Yunnan's construction of a new power system
Clean energy accounts for a high proportion. At present, the proportion of clean energy in Yunnan is over 85%, and the proportion will be further increased in the future. Because wind power and photovoltaics are intermittent, fluctuating and uncertain, and hydropower is also facing the problem of insufficient power generation during dry periods, this weakly controllable power supply brings great challenges to the smooth and safe operation of the system.
Asynchronous power grid with large-scale new energy has low moment of inertia. Compared with the strong support for synchronous operation (the frequency is the same everywhere in the whole network), the Yunnan power grid adopts asynchronous operation mode, especially after large-scale new energy is connected to the grid, the moment of inertia of the system will be further reduced, and the frequency will appear. Large fluctuations even cause frequency instability, making the security and stability of the power grid face huge challenges.
The proportion of power transmission from west to east is high. In 2020, the power transmission from west to east in Yunnan will be close to 50% of the total power consumption in the province. With the development and construction of new power systems, the scale of power transmission will increase year by year. How to ensure large-scale efficient energy transmission is a major challenge. How to guarantee Yunnan's own rapid development of electricity demand is also facing challenges.
A single large load accounts for a high proportion. Yunnan's hydropower silicon, hydropower aluminum and other industries account for a large proportion. The load of a single aluminum plant and silicon plant is generally above the megawatt level, which has extremely high requirements for power supply. As a high energy load, in addition to increasing the power system In addition to the power demand, it will also bring harmonics, voltage and other problems to the grid.
The accident risk level caused by a single component failure is high. The Yunnan power grid has a complex structure, long transmission distance, and a large number of power equipment components. The failure of a certain component will be caused by a combination of various reasons such as improper or untimely control measures, unreasonable structure, and malfunction or refusal of relay protection devices. Cascading failures pose a major challenge such as a high level of accident risk.
High proportion of power electronic equipment. The large-scale access of wind power, photovoltaics, and distributed loads has increased the power electronics of the power grid. On the one hand, it reduces the moment of inertia of the system, and on the other hand, it will have a negative impact on power quality. At the same time, the characteristics of the power electronic system are very different from the traditional power grid, which can form a two-way power flow, and the classic protection and control method is no longer applicable. How to ensure the safe, stable and efficient operation of the new power system is facing huge challenges.
Natural disasters occur frequently. There is a saying in Yunnan that there is no disaster. Earthquakes, lightning strikes, hail, frost, and wildlife activities will cause serious damage to power equipment, and Yunnan’s special extreme geographical environmental conditions have brought great damage to equipment operation and maintenance. The inconvenience.
The focus of Yunnan's construction of a new power system
Yunnan Power Grid Company should seize important strategic opportunities, make full use of resources and location advantages, focus on breakthroughs in key technologies, and lead the construction of new power systems.
Reasonable planning and layout. Persist in the continuous and efficient development and utilization of clean energy such as wind, light, and water, promote the coordinated and optimized development of multiple types of clean energy, and build and implement a batch of demonstration projects for the construction of new power systems through pilot projects in Yunnan to facilitate the development of new power systems Work and "dual carbon" goals.
Active support ability. With the large-scale access of a large number of new energy sources, the controllability and adjustability of various power sources in the power grid are rapidly decreasing. It is necessary to explore new technologies and strategies to provide active support for the stable operation of the power grid. On the basis of new energy regulation technology and configuration of energy storage, exploring the control technology and control strategy of demand-side response is of great significance to the active support of the power grid.
Flexible control resources. Energy storage is juxtaposed with power sources, power grids, and loads, and has become an indispensable fourth element of new power systems. Various types of energy storage equipment and energy storage systems covering the "source, grid, and load" have created a new mode of power and electricity balance. At the same time, flexible resources such as electric vehicles and distributed power sources are all in the voltage, frequency and emergency aspects of the grid. It can play an effective control and regulation role, and the active participation of various flexible resources can be promoted through a market-oriented operating mechanism.
Smooth operation of the power grid. Aiming at Yunnan’s complex power grid structure, extreme operating environment, and multiple types of power sources, it explores efficient and coordinated operation control technology of “source-grid-load-storage” to give full play to the active adjustment capabilities of various flexible resources. Driven by data, it opens up the perception, analysis, decision-making, and business links of all parties involved in the power grid to realize rapid fault detection, protection and control, and operation and maintenance to ensure the smooth operation of the system.
The security of the power grid. By strengthening the flexible adjustment capability of the system, improving the demand-side response capability, accelerating the upgrade and transformation of the power grid, relying on modern communication technology, big data analysis and artificial intelligence and other technologies to realize the digitization, intelligence, and Internetization of the traditional physical power system, so that the power grid has Super perception ability, wise decision-making ability and fast execution ability to ensure the security of the power grid.
Ensuring the power supply of the three markets, further improving the main force of power transmission from west to east and the “Belt and Road” bridgehead, insisting on focusing on clean energy, focusing on electricity, and developing solar energy, wind energy, biomass energy and geothermal energy according to local conditions. To ensure the energy demand in the province, and realize the power transmission from west to east and the power out of the cloud, we will quickly promote the development and construction of Yunnan's new power system to meet the people's yearning for a better life.
